Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

1. Learn common endocrine system medical terminology.
2. Become familiar with describing symptoms and illnesses.
3. Demonstrate the ability to communicate with patients in Mandarin.

Vocabulary

Supplementary Vocabulary

Clinical Case

1. 一位三十八歲的男士，有多尿症和過度口渴已經3個星期了。 

   一位三十八岁的男士，有多尿症和过度口渴已经3个星期了。 

   Yī wèi sānshíbā suì de nánshì, yǒu duō niào zhèng hé guòdù kǒu kě yǐjīng 3 gè xīngqíle. 

   A 38 yr old male has a 3-week history of polyuria, and polydipsia.

2. 在過去的幾個星期，他大概一小時小便兩次。 

   在过去的几个星期，他大概一小时小便两次。。 

   Zài guòqù de jǐ gè xīngqí, tā dàgài yī xiǎoshí xiǎobiàn liǎng cì. 

   He had been urinating approximately two times an hour for the last few weeks.

3. 他有一點腹部不舒服，但沒有噁心或嘔吐。 

   他有一点腹部不舒服，但没有恶心或呕吐。 

   Tā yǒu yīdiǎn fùbù bú shūfú, dàn méiyǒu ěxīn huò ǒutù. 

   He has experienced some mild abdominal discomfort but no nausea or vomiting.

4. 以前的病歷史沒有什麼特別的，他很多年沒有看醫生了。 

   以前的病历史没有什么特别的，他很多年没有看医生了。。 

   Yǐqián de bìng lìshǐ méiyǒu shé me tèbié de, tā hěnduō nián méiyǒu kàn yīshēngle. 

   Past medical history is unremarkable; he has not seen a physician in many years.

5. 他沒有服用任何藥物。 

   他没有服用任何药物。 

   Tā méiyǒu fúyòng rènhé yàowù. 

   He is on no medications.

6. 家庭史裡發現病人的媽媽和阿姨有二型糖尿病。 

   家庭史里发现病人的妈妈和阿姨有二型糖尿病。 

   Jiātíng shǐ lǐ fāxiàn bìngrén de māmā hé āyí yǒu èr xíng tángniàobìng. 

   Family history is remarkable for type II diabetes in his mother and aunt.

7. 體檢：身高1米83，體重109公斤，血壓114/78毫米汞住，心率每分60次，呼吸率每分16次。 

   体检：身高1米83，体重109公斤，血压114/78毫米汞住，心率每分60次，呼吸率每分16次。 

   Tǐjiǎn: Shēngāo 1 mǐ 83, tǐzhòng 109 gōngjīn, xiěyā 114/78 háomǐ gǒng zhù, xīnlǜ měi fēn 60 cì, hūxīlǜ měi fēn 16 cì. 

   Physical examination: height 1.83 m (72 inches), weight 109 kg (240 pounds), blood pressure 114/78, pulse 60, respirations 16.

8. 一般外觀：肥胖的男性白人。心臟，肺部，腹部和神經系統檢查都在正常範圍內。 

   一般外观：肥胖的男性白人。心脏，肺部，腹部和神经系统检查都在正常范围内。 

   Yībān wàiguān: Féipàng de nánxìng báirén. Xīnzàng, fèi bù, fùbù hé shénjīng xìtǒng jiǎnchá dōu zài zhèngcháng fànwéi nèi. 

   General appearance: obese white male. Cardiac, pulmonary, abdominal, and neurological examinations are within normal limits.

1. 這位男士住進了醫院. 

   这位男士住进了医院. 

   Zhè wèi nánshì zhù jìnle yīyuàn. 

   This man was admitted to the hospital.

2. 為了處理嚴重的高血糖，開始了胰島素輸液。 

   为了处理严重的高血糖，开始了胰岛素输液。 

   Wèile chǔlǐ yánzhòng de gāo xiětáng, kāishǐle yídǎosù shūyè. 

   To address the severe hyperglycemia, an insulin infusion was started.

3. 他開始使用皮下胰島素，血糖控制住了。 

   他开始使用皮下胰岛素，血糖控制住了。 

   Tā kāishǐ shǐyòng píxià yídǎosù, xiětáng kòngzhì zhùle. 

   He was then started on subcutaneous insulin and was well controlled.

4. 他出院了, 然後在門診繼續接受治療。他的血糖保持正常。 

   他出院了, 然后在门诊继续接受治疗。他的血糖保持正常。 

   Tā chūyuànle, ránhòu zài ménzhěn jìxù jiēshòu zhìliáo. Tā de xiětáng bǎochí zhèngcháng. 

   He was discharged and followed closely as an outpatient, and his glucose values remained excellent.

5. 这位病人不想使用胰岛素。 因为他的血糖指标在正常范围内，他想降低胰岛素劑量。 

   这位病人不想使用胰岛素。 因为他的血糖指标在正常范围内，他想降低胰岛素劑量。 

   Zhè wèi bìngrén bùxiǎng shǐyòng yídǎosù. Yīnwèi tā de xiětáng zhǐbiāo zài zhèngcháng fànwéi nèi, tā xiǎng jiàngdī yídǎosù jìliàng. 

   This patient did not wish to take insulin and wanted to know if he could decrease his insulin, since his blood glucoses were all within the target range.

6. 通過幾個月的時間，他的胰島素劑量被謹慎的逐漸減量。最後，使用低劑量胰島素,他的血糖指標保持正常。 

   通过几个月的时间，他的胰岛素剂量被谨慎的逐渐減量。最後，使用低剂量胰岛素,他的血糖指标保持正常。 

   Tōngguò jǐ gè yuè de shíjiān, tā de yídǎosù jìliàng bèi jǐnshèn de zhújiàn jiǎnliàng. Zuìhòu, shǐyòng dī jìliàng yídǎosù, tā de xiětáng zhǐbiāo bǎochí zhèngcháng. 

   Cautiously, his insulin dosages were decreased over a matter of months, and eventually his glucose values remained excellent on a relatively low dose of insulin daily.

7. 基於這項信息，他選擇停止使用胰島素。 

   基于这项信息，他选择停止使用胰岛素。 

   Jīyú zhè xiàng xìnxī, tā xuǎnzé tíngzhǐ shǐyòng yídǎosù. 

   Given this information, it was elected to discontinue his insulin.

8. 他血液中的葡萄糖好幾個月內一直保持在目標範圍內。 

   他血液中的葡萄糖好几個月內一直保持在目標範圍內。 

   Tā xiěyè zhōng de pútáotáng hǎojǐ gè yuè nèi yīzhí bǎochí zài mùbiāo fànwéi nèi. 

   His blood glucoses have remained within the target range for many months.

Figures

1. Endocrine System
   Nèifēnmì Xìtǒng
   内分泌系统
   内分泌系统

   From: Figure 3.20 - Introduction to Psychology by Charles Stangor 2013

   • Pituitary Gland
     Nǎo xià chuítǐ
     腦下垂體
     脑下垂体
   • Thyroid Gland
     Jiǎzhuàngxiàn
     甲狀腺
     甲状腺
   • Parathyroid Gland
     Fù jiǎzhuàngxiàn
     副甲狀腺
     副甲状腺
   • Adrenal Gland
     Shènshàngxiàn
     腎上腺
     肾上腺
   • Pancreas
     Yíxiàn / Yízàng
     胰腺 / 胰臟
     胰腺 / 胰脏
   • Ovaries
     Luǎncháo
     卵巢
     卵巢
   • Testes
     Gāowán
     睪丸
     睾丸